Numerical investigation of the immersion ratio effects on ventilation phenomenon and also the performance of a surface piercing propeller     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Surface Piercing Propellers (SPP) show high efficiency at high advance speeds. Regarding operational conditions, this kind of propellers generate an air layer when entering the water due to the rotation of the propeller; this phenomenon is called ventilation. The ventilation phenomenon divided into some mechanism with respect to air cavity length on the propeller surface; among them are partially ventilation mechanism and fully ventilation mechanism which has great importance. In this study, using numerical simulation, we have investigated ventilation patterns and also the performance of a five-blade SPP propeller (SPP 5.74) at immersion ratio of 33, 40, 50and 70% respectively. We used Sliding Mesh Technique for modeling. Also, we applied the volume of fluid method to simulate the open surface pattern. To validate numerical results, the four-blade propeller, 841-B was simulated, and then the results of thrust and torque coefficients compared with Olofsson experimental results and validated accordingly. The findings indicate that the maximum value for thrust and torque coefficient would occur at immersion ratio of 70% and the maximum propeller efficiency occurs at immersion ratio of 33% and advance coefficient of 1.1; Moreover, the critical advance coefficient (at the partially and the fully ventilation boundary) increases by a reduction in immersion ratio, so that critical advance coefficients are 0.6 and 0.76, respectively at immersion ratios of 70 and 33%. Meanwhile, as advance coefficient increases, length of ventilation zone will decrease, and consequently the propeller will be laid on partial ventilation zone.  相似文献   

降低采矿贫化率与损失率的几个问题     

张永海 《国土资源》1999,(3)

采矿贫化率与损失率的降低是采矿工作者重点研究和攻克的难点之一。必须通过严格合理的采矿顺序，不断加强和提高采矿设计质量，强化施工管理等措施才能使其下降到理想水平。  相似文献   

Sensitivity of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to downscaling ratios and storm types in rainfall simulation     

Jia Liu  Michaela Bray  Dawei Han 《水文研究》2012,26(20):3012-3031

Accurate information of rainfall is needed for sustainable water management and more reliable flood forecasting. The advances in mesoscale numerical weather modelling and modern computing technologies make it possible to provide rainfall simulations and forecasts at increasingly higher resolutions in space and time. However, being one of the most difficult variables to be modelled, the quality of the rainfall products from the numerical weather model remains unsatisfactory for hydrological applications. In this study, the sensitivity of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is investigated using different domain settings and various storm types to improve the model performance of rainfall simulation. Eight 24‐h storm events are selected from the Brue catchment, southwest England, with different spatial and temporal distributions of the rainfall intensity. Five domain configuration scenarios designed with gradually changing downscaling ratios are used to run the WRF model with the ECMWF 40‐year reanalysis data for the periods of the eight events. A two‐dimensional verification scheme is proposed to evaluate the amounts and distributions of simulated rainfall in both spatial and temporal dimensions. The verification scheme consists of both categorical and continuous indices for a first‐level assessment and a more quantitative evaluation of the simulated rainfall. The results reveal a general improvement of the model performance as we downscale from the outermost to the innermost domain. Moderate downscaling ratios of 1:7, 1:5 and 1:3 are found to perform better with the WRF model in giving more reasonable results than smaller ratios. For the sensitivity study on different storm types, the model shows the best performance in reproducing the storm events with spatial and temporal evenness of the observed rainfall, whereas the type of events with highly concentrated rainfall in space and time are found to be the trickiest case for WRF to handle. Finally, the efficiencies of several variability indices are verified in categorising the storm events on the basis of the two‐dimensional rainfall evenness, which could provide a more quantitative way for the event classification that facilitates further studies. It is important that similar studies with various storm events are carried out in other catchments with different geographic and climatic conditions, so that more general error patterns can be found and further improvements can be made to the rainfall products from mesoscale numerical weather models. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Distinctive stable isotope ratios in important zooplankton species in relation to estuarine salinity gradients: Potential tracer of fish migration     

Keita W. Suzuki  Akihide Kasai  Takane Isoda  Kouji Nakayama  Masaru Tanaka 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

To assess the potential of stable isotope ratios as an indicator of fish migration within estuaries, stable isotope ratios in important zooplankton species were analyzed in relation to estuarine salinity gradients. Gut contents from migratory juveniles of the euryhaline marine fish Lateolabrax japonicus were examined along the Chikugo River estuary of the Ariake Sea, which has the most developed estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) in Japan. Early juveniles in March and April preyed primarily on two copepod species; Sinocalanus sinensis at lower salinities and Acartia omorii at higher salinities. Late juveniles (standard length > 40 mm) at lower salinities preyed exclusively on the mysid Acanthomysis longirostris until July and complementarily on the decapod Acetes japonicus in August. These prey species were collected along the estuary during the spring–summer seasons of 2003 and 2004, and their carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) were evaluated. The δ¹³C values of prey species were distinct from each other and were primarily depleted within and in close proximity to the ETM (salinity < 10); S. sinensis (−26.6‰) < Acanthomysis longirostris (−23.3‰) < Acartia omorii (−21.1‰) < Acetes japonicus (−18.5‰). The overall gradient of δ¹³C with salinity occurred for all prey species and showed minor temporal fluctuations, while it was not directly influenced by the δ¹³C values in particulate organic matter along the estuary. In contrast to δ¹³C, the δ¹⁵N values of prey species did not exhibit any clear relationship with salinity. The present study demonstrated that δ¹³C has the potential for application as a tracer of fish migration into lower salinity areas including the ETM.  相似文献   

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张建国  闫俊岗  王静  乔子云 《大地测量与地球动力学》2008,28(2):45-50

??????ж?????????????о???????????1982??2006????Z??????ж??????????????????????????Ms??5.0????????????????????????1??????25?????????????????о???????19?Σ??????11????????????????13?Σ????15?????鱨3?Σ????2?Σ?2??????????????????????????????????????????????????3??????????Ч?????R=0.44????????顣  相似文献   

中国城市流动人口房租收入比时空格局及驱动因素   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

李在军  尹上岗  张晓奇  秦兴方 《地理科学》2020,40(1):103-111

针对2012~2016年中国城市不同职业流动人口房租收入比时空变动特征及驱动力的研究表明：①流动人口房租收入比整体上呈“东高西低,南高北低”分异态势,较高及以上等级房租收入比地市集中于东部沿海发达地区及中西部省会城市。②各职业房租收入比逐渐形成金字塔形结构,但职业间房租收入比差距较大。③东部地区流动人口房租收入比多呈向下和平稳混杂分布,中部地区呈向下、平稳和向上镶嵌分布,西部地区以平稳为主,向上转移为辅。④经济、人口、社会及预期因素对房租收入比的解释力依次降低,消费水平、租赁户比例、地产投资密度、人口吸引力及收入水平是影响房租收入比的关键因素。  相似文献   

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段虎荣  张永志 《大地测量与地球动力学》2009,29(6):18-21

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Multidimensional GPR array processing using Kirchhoff migration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mark L. Moran  Roy J. Greenfield  Steven A. Arcone  Allan J. Delaney 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2000,43(2-4)

We compare the ability of several practical ground-penetrating radar (GPR) array processing methods to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), increase depth of signal penetration, and suppress out-of-plane arrivals for data with SNR of roughly 1. The methods include two-dimensional (2-D) monostatic, three-dimensional (3-D) monostatic, and 3-D bistatic Kirchhoff migration. The migration algorithm is modified to include the radiation pattern for interfacial dipoles. Results are discussed for synthetic and field data. The synthetic data model includes spatially coherent noise sources that yield nonstationary signal statistics like those observed in high noise GPR settings. Array results from the model data clearly indicate that resolution and noise suppression performance increases as array dimensionality increases. Using 50-MHz array data collected on a temperate glacier (Gulkana Glacier, AK), we compare 2-D and 3-D monostatic migration results. The data have low SNR and contain reflections from a complex, steeply dipping bed. We demonstrate that the glacier bed can only be accurately localized with the 3-D array. In addition, we show that the 3-D array increases SNR (relative to a 2-D array) by a factor of three.  相似文献   

三峡水库蓄水后巴东地区波速比（Vp/Vs）研究     

陈俊华甘家思  李普丽薛军蓉  李峰李垠 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(F06):12-14,42

采用固定台站法计算了三峡水库蓄水后湖北省巴东地区ML2.0以上地震的波速比值,并给出了各自的相关系数。结果显示,巴东地区地震波速比值变化与水库地震的震源浅,裂隙发育,水的渗入作用等有关,并存在扩容期间波速比降低,震前波速比回升的现象。  相似文献   

Study on the Bubble Growth and Departure with A Lattice Boltzmann Method     

CHEN Guo-qing  HUANG Xiao  WANG Shi-ping  KANG You-wei 《中国海洋工程》2020,(1):69-79

For the growth and departure of bubbles from an orifice, a free energy lattice Boltzmann model is adopted to deal with this complex multiphase flow phenomenon. A virtual layer is set at the boundary of the flow domain to deal with the no-slip boundary condition. Effects of the viscosity, surface tension, gas inertial force and buoyancy on the characteristics of bubbles when they grow and departure from an orifice in quiescent liquid are studied. The releasing period and departure diameter of the bubble are influenced by the residual gas at the orifice, and the interaction between bubbles is taken into consideration. The relations between the releasing period or departure diameter and the gravity acceleration show fair agreements with previous numerical and theoretical results. And the influence of the gas outflow velocity on bubble formation is discussed as well. For the bubbles growing in cross-flow field, effects of the cross-flow speed and the gas outflow velocity on the bubble formation are discussed, which is related to the application in ship resistance reduction. And optimal choice of the ship speed and gas outflow velocity is studied. Cases in this paper also prove that this high density ratio LBM model has its flexibility and effectiveness on multiphase flow simulations.  相似文献